Zinc Stannate (CAS 12036-37-2), Zinc Hydroxystannate (CAS 12027-96-2) & Zinc Borate (CAS 138265-88-0): ATO Alternatives

Performance Standards & Commercial Applications

FL-ZS, FL-ZHS, and FL-ZB meet the requirements for FR systems targeting the following standards when formulated at appropriate loadings with halogenated or halogen-free primary FRs:

• UL 94 V-0: FL-ZS and FL-ZHS in rigid and flexible PVC compounds with brominated primary FRs
• IEC 60332-1 & IEC 60332-3: Flame propagation in single cable and bundled cable configurations; FL-ZHS primary recommendation for flexible PVC insulation
• IEC 61034 (smoke density): FL-ZHS provides measurable NBS smoke chamber reduction vs. ATO baseline in TDCPP/PVC systems; typical smoke density improvement of 15–30% vs. ATO-only systems
• ASTM E84: FL-ZB with halogen-free systems for building products; contributes to Class A and Class B surface burn classification
• LOI (Limiting Oxygen Index): Zinc synergists do not independently raise LOI; they function as synergists to improve burn char integrity and reduce smoke density in conjunction with primary FRs. LOI values are formulation-specific

Performance data above reflects literature values and commercial formulation experience. Flamisol supports formulation testing with evaluation quantities. Results depend on compound geometry, primary FR loading, and testing lab protocol.

Formulation Starting Points: Flexible PVC Wire & Cable

Partial ATO replacement: Evaluate FL-ZHS at 3–5 phr in TDCPP/flexible PVC insulation compounds, maintaining existing primary FR loading.

Full ATO replacement: Loadings of 5–8 phr reported in literature for IEC 61034-compliant smoke density, depending on TDCPP loading and compound geometry. Formulation testing against target fire standard required. Evaluation quantities available →